Common-Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR)

common mode rejection ratio 共模排斥比/共模斥拒比

A_d = differential gain
A_cm = common-mode gain

CMRR = 20log₁₀|A_d/A_cm|

References:

Common-mode rejection ratio(Wikipedia)
國家教育研究院雙語詞彙、學術名詞暨辭書資訊網
生物醫學工程導論(中華民國生物醫學工程學會，滄海2008) p117

Fingers 手指

thumb 拇指
index finger/forefinger/pointer finger 食指
middle finger/long finger 中指
ring finger 無名指
little finger/pinky finger/small finger/digit finger 小指

Reference

Hand (Wikipedia)

Biomedical Electrode and Electrolyte 生醫電極與電解液

electrode 電極
electrolyte 電解液、電解質

Current Carriers:

Human body - ions
Wire - electrons
Transducer - electrodes

Note: Electrodes work as transducers, not conductors.

Atom 原子相關名詞

atom 原子

proton 質子
electron 電子
neutron 中子

charge 電荷

ion 離子

proton - positive charge
electron - negative charge
neutron - no charge

ion - atom with +ve/-ve charge e.g. Na⁺, K⁺

valence 價
valence 價電子 e,g, Na: 1, Ca: 2

相關資訊：

Common Chemical Elements in Electrophysiology 電生理學中常見的化學元素
Valence electron (Wikipedia)

Neuron 神經元

neuron/nerve cell 神經元/神經細胞

nucleus 細胞核
soma 細胞本體 cell body

dendrite 樹突/樹狀突
axon / nerve fiber 軸突/軸索/神經纖維
axon hillock 軸丘 (hillock = 崗/丘)
axon terminal 軸突末端/軸突末稍

myelin sheath 髓鞘

synapse 突觸 (Wikipedia) - junction between two neurons
axon terminal + synaptic cleft + dendrite
chemical synapse
electrical synapse

synaptic vesicle 突觸囊泡/突觸小泡
synaptic cleft/gap 突觸間隙/突觸空隙
postsynaptic receptor 突觸後受器

Diagram from Wikipedia by BruceBlaus - Own work, CC BY 3.0, Link

neurotransmitter 神經傳導物/神經傳遞物

postsynaptic potential 突觸後電位
excitatory postsynaptic potential(EPSP) 興奮性突觸後電位
inhibitory postsynaptic potential(IPSP) 抑制性突觸後電位

References:

用十分鐘理解 《神經網路發展史》
生物醫學工程導論(中華民國生物醫學工程學會，滄海2008) p8, 11-13
突觸後電位

Common Chemical Elements in Electrophysiology 電生理學中常見的化學元素

Na 鈉 Sodium
K 鉀 Potassium
Ca 鈣 Calcium
Cl 氯 Clorine

ion 離子
Na⁺
K⁺
Ca²⁺
Cl^-

相關資訊：

Atom 原子相關名詞

Central Limit Theorem (CLT) 中央極限定理

When
population mean = μ
population variance = σ²

random sample of size n
random samples: X₁, X₂, ..., X_n,

z-score/z-value/standard score z分數/標準化值 (Wikipedia/維基百科)

sum of samples/sample sum 樣本和 S_n = (X₁ + X₂ + ... + X_n) = ΣX_i where i = 1 to n
sample mean 樣本平均數 x̄ = (X₁ + X₂ + ... + X_n)/n = S_n/n
sample variance 樣本變異數 s²
sample standard deviation 樣本標準差 s
sample size n

if σ is known:

Z = (x̄ - μ)/(σ/√ n) = (Sn - n)/σ√n

When n → ∞ (n >= 30),

Z ~ N(0, 1)

One special case of gamma distribution:
chi-square distribution 卡方分布 (χ²) α = v/2 or n/2, β = 2 for gamma distribution.

χ² = (n - 1)s²/σ² with n-1 degrees of freedom.

if σ is unknown and n is large:

s ≈ σ

Student t-distribution/Student's t-distribution 學生t分布
t-distribution t分布

T = (x̄ - μ)/(s/√ n)  with n-1 degrees of freedom.

t-table:
row: probability α at t_α
column - degree of freedom

參考資料

Essentials of Probability & Statistics for Engineers & Scientists (Walpole at el.)，機率與統計 (繆紹綱譯，滄海2013)，p201, 242-248

機率與統計 (陳鍾誠網站)

Mathematical statistics with applications in R, Ramachandran & Tsokos, 2nd edition (2015), p162-164, 191-194

Student's t-distribution (Wikipedia)